Adherence to antiretroviral drugs: self-reported of missed doses and associated factors in people living with HIV

Denize Lotufo Estevam; Carla Gianna Luppi; Maria Aparecida da Silva; Artur Olhovetchi Kalichman; Danielle Bivanco-Lima; Simone Queiroz Rocha

doi:10.5327/DST-2177-8264-2024361401

Authors

Denize Lotufo Estevam Centro de Referência e Treinamento DST/AIDS – São Paulo (SP), Brazil. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8166-9977
Carla Gianna Luppi Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Departamento de Medicina Preventiva – São Paulo (SP), Brazil. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9183-8594
Maria Aparecida da Silva Centro de Referência e Treinamento DST/AIDS – São Paulo (SP), Brazil. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5356-3075
Artur Olhovetchi Kalichman Centro de Referência e Treinamento DST/AIDS – São Paulo (SP), Brazil. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8912-6042
Danielle Bivanco-Lima Santa Casa de São Paulo, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Departamento de Saúde Coletiva – São Paulo (SP), Brazil. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9243-0232
Simone Queiroz Rocha Centro de Referência e Treinamento DST/AIDS – São Paulo (SP), Brazil. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9689-5149

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.5327/DST-2177-8264-2024361401

Keywords:

medication adherence, self-report, HIV, acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, viral load

Abstract

Introduction: AIDS has become a chronic disease that may not be sexually transmitted as long as people living with HIV take their medications correctly. Therefore, adherence to antiretroviral drugs remains a central issue for therapeutic success. Objective: To describe the prevalence of self-reported missed doses of antiretroviral drugs (MDARV) in people living with HIV and analyze its associated factors. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in a specialized service on STI/HIV/AIDS in the city of São Paulo (SP), Brazil. The data sources used were a self-administered form and the Database of the Laboratory Test Control System of the National Network for CD4+/CD8+ Lymphocyte Count and HIV Viral Load. The dependent variable was the self-report of MDARV by users in the last three days. The independent variables were related to sociodemographic, behavioral, and healthcare-associated characteristics. Poisson regression was used to estimate prevalence ratios and 95% confidence intervals. Results: Among the 510 responding participants, the MDARV prevalence in the last three days was 15.9% (95%CI 12.69–19.06). Factors associated with MDARV were detectable viral load, practicing a religion, change of residence in the last year, use of drugs, and more than 11 years of treatment. Knowing CD4+ T lymphocyte count was associated with protection regarding missed doses. Conclusion: Monitoring MDARV self-report is a simple tool that can improve comprehensive care for people living with HIV/AIDS.

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Adherence to antiretroviral drugs: self-reported of missed doses and associated factors in people living with HIV

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