Chlamydia trachomatis lower genital tract infection and spontaneous preterm birth

a case-control study nested in the brisa cohort

Authors

Keywords:

Chlamydia trachomatis, premature birth, pregnancy outcome, bacterial infections.

Abstract

Introduction: Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) is a sexually transmitted bacterium that is highly prevalent in young patients. Chlamydial infections during the gestational period have been associated with adverse obstetric outcomes, such as spontaneous preterm birth (sPTB). However, results in the literature are inconclusive. Objective: To evaluate the association between CT infection and sPTB. Methods: This was a case-control study nested in the cohort of the prospective Brazilian Ribeirão Preto and São Luís birth cohort study. Pregnant patients were recruited in private and public health clinics in São Luís and Ribeirão Preto, Brazil. At the gestational age of 20-25 weeks, cervicovaginal fluid samples were collected for the diagnosis of CT using a polymerase chain reaction. Plasma levels of Transforming Growth Factor-α (TGF- α), Interferon-γ (IFN- γ), Interleukin-10 (IL-10), IL-13, IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, Tumor Necrosis Factor-α (TNF- α), and TNF-β were measured using a multiplex assay. Results: Of the 561 pregnant patients evaluated, 121 had sPTB and 440 had a full-term delivery (control group). According to our results, CT infection was not associated with sPTB (odds ratio, 1.13; 95% confidence interval, 0.50–2.56); however, it was more frequent among younger patients (p=0.0078), unmarried patients (p=0.0144), and those with multiple sexual partners (p=0.0299). There were no significant differences in the immune mediators between patients with sPTB or full-term deliveries, or between patients with or without a CT infection. Conclusion: In conclusion, CT infection was not associated with sPTB in our study. However, its correlation with younger pregnant patients suggests that these patients require careful clinical management.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Author Biographies

Larissa Brito Bastos, Universidade de São Paulo

Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Universidade de São Paulo – Ribeirão Preto (SP), Brazil

Giulia Karnauchovas Porto Cunha, Universidade de São Paulo

Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Universidade de São Paulo – Ribeirão Preto (SP), Brazil

Stella Felippe de Freitas, Universidade de São Paulo

Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Universidade de São Paulo – Ribeirão Preto (SP), Brazil

Ricardo de Carvalho Cavalli, Universidade de São Paulo

Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Universidade de São Paulo – Ribeirão Preto (SP), Brazil

Silvana Maria Quintana, Universidade de São Paulo – Ribeirão Preto (SP), Brazil

Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Universidade de São Paulo – Ribeirão Preto (SP), Brazil

Downloads

Published

2021-04-15

How to Cite

1.
Bastos LB, Cunha GKP, Freitas SF de, Cavalli R de C, Quintana SM. Chlamydia trachomatis lower genital tract infection and spontaneous preterm birth: a case-control study nested in the brisa cohort. DST [Internet]. 2021 Apr. 15 [cited 2024 Mar. 29];33. Available from: https://bjstd.org/revista/article/view/731

Issue

Section

Original Article